Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) once occupied
parts of 12 states within the western United States and 3 Canadian provinces.
Populations of greater sage-grouse have undergone long-term
population declines. The sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) habitats on which
sage-grouse depend have experienced extensive alteration and loss. Consequently,
concerns raised for the conservation and management of greater sage-grouse
and their habitats have resulted in petitions to list greater sage-grouse
under the Endangered Species Act.
In this report, the Western Association of Fish &
Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA) the ecological status and potential factors
that influenced greater sage-grouse and sagebrush habitats across their
entire distribution. WAFWA used a large-scale approach to identify regional
patterns of habitat, disturbance, land use practices, and population
trends. Literature is included, spanning the last 200 years, landscape
information dating back 100 years, and population data collected over
the last 60 years.
The assessment describes the primary issues that influenced
greater sage-grouse and sagebrush habitats for an area that exceeded
>2,000,000 km2 (>770,000 mi2) in size. To do this, data was obtained,
compiled, integrated, and analyzed data from agencies and organizations
within 14 states, >13 federal agencies, and 2 nations.
Recommendations or suggestions of management strategies
are not presented in this assessment. The goal was to present an unbiased
and scientific documentation of dominant issues and their effects on
greater sage-grouse populations and sagebrush habitats.
(Chapters 1 and 2),
Background information on greater sage-grouse and sagebrush
habitats. The factors that have contributed to widespread concern
about conservation and management of greater sage-grouse and sagebrush
habitats are introduced. The historical and legal administration as
well as the current stewardship of sagebrush habitats are described.
The conservation status of the species across its range-wide distribution
is provided.
(Chapters 3-5)
Provides information on the basic ecology of greater
sage-grouse and sagebrush habitats. Seeks to develop the underlying
foundation on which to assess information presented in the remainder
of the document.
(Chapters 6-12)
Describes the current situation and trends in greater
sage-grouse populations and the dominant factors that individually
and cumulatively influence sagebrush habitats.
(Chapter 13)
The habitat and population trend information is integrated
into a synthesis of the conservation status for greater sage-grouse
and sagebrush ecosystems in western North America.